Ôn tập hệ tiêu hóaFREENgoại Ngữ Chuyên Ngành Y Phạm Ngọc Thạch 1. After the absorption of water, sodium, and potassium has been completed, muscle contraction in the large intestine squeezes the feces down into the _________. B. rectum C. anus A. defecation D. external anal sphincter 2. You can taste food because of the tiny bumps on your tongue. These bumps contain _________. B. umami C. sour A. taste buds D. bitter 3. Choose one in pairs. Someone with [hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism] has too much thyroid hormone. B. hyperthyroidism A. hypothyroidism 4. _________ are used for cutting and biting. A. Incisors B. Canines D. Molars C. Premolars 5. Choose one in pairs. Goiter can be caused by [deficient iodine/malignant cancer]. A. deficient iodine B. malignant cancer 6. When the small intestine is ready to receive food from the stomach, another ring of smooth muscle connecting the stomach and small intestine relaxes. This ring of muscle is called the _________ sphincter. D. stomach B. gastroesophageal C. hypnosis A. pyloric 7. What kind of diabetes is called “juvenile diabetes”? A. Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes B. Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes 8. The _________ is a flag of tissue that covers the trachea when you swallow. D. trachea B. epiglottis C. larynx A. esophagus 9. In digestive activities, enzymes are molecules that help _________ reactions to go faster. C. biological D. All of the above A. physical B. chemical 10. _________ are used for chewing and grinding food. A. Incisors D. Molars B. Canines C. Premolars 11. Where does food go after it leaves the stomach? A. Small intestine B. Large intestine C. Rectum D. Esophagus 12. Fill in the blanks. The _________: is the structure that covers the larynx when you swallow food. A. epiglottis C. esophagus B. trachea D. pharynx 13. If you stir sugar in water, it will be _________. C. liquefied A. converted D. dissolved B. regulated 14. The upper digestive _________ is the region extending from the mouth to the stomach. C. system A. tract D. cavity B. duct 15. X help(s) to create the electrical current that flows along axons. X is/are also important in muscle contraction. X is/are _________. D. feces C. the brain B. sodium and potassium A. signal cord 16. Food is broken down into small molecules, or _________, in the small intestine. D. liquefied A. digested B. eliminated C. regulated 17. Choose one in pairs. An infant who has [hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism] would have a condition called cretinism. A. hypothyroidism B. hyperthyroidism 18. Hormones control or _________ how fast your body breaks down food. D. convert C. tell A. regulate B. direct 19. Just as a sponge removes water from a table, the bloodstream _________ water from the intestines. B. absorbs D. moves A. digests C. converts 20. Match the definitions with the correct terms. A substance that breaks down food into smaller molecules: D. Digestion A. Absorption F. Diarrhea E. Enzymes C. Capillaries B. Bile 21. Match the definitions with the correct terms. Food moves too fast through the small intestine: C. Capillaries B. Bile A. Absorption F. Diarrhea E. Enzymes D. Digestion 22. TSH is abbreviated as _________. C. thyroid-stimulating hormone B. thyroid-stimulated hormone D. None of the above A. thyroid-stimulation hormone 23. Fill in the blanks. _________: is the hormone that helps your brain get sugar when you are starving. D. Serotonin A. Insulin C. Thyroxine B. Glucagon 24. Your back teeth are useful for _________ food. D. biting C. cutting A. tearing B. grinding 25. _________ are fang-like teeth that are to the side of the incisors. B. Canines D. Molars A. Incisors C. Premolars 26. The last molars that are in the very back on each side are sometimes called _________. A. dream teeth B. nightmare teeth C. wisdom teeth D. enamel 27. Choose one in pairs. The thyroid hormone [regulates/peristalsis] cellular metabolism. B. peristalsis A. regulates 28. When digestion and absorption are completed in the small intestine, _________ occurs to push the food waste forward into the large intestine. D. gastroesophageal sphincter A. peristalsis C. pyloric sphincter B. heartburn 29. Peristalsis squeezes the food down the _________ to your stomach. C. larynx A. esophagus D. peristalsis B. epiglottis 30. When stomach acid is pushed back up into the esophagus, the pain that occurs is commonly referred to as _________. A. choking D. constipation B. heartburn C. diarrhea 31. TSH causes the thyroid gland to release _________ thyroid hormone. A. less D. 50% B. more C. so much 32. Fill in the blanks. _________: too much water is absorbed from the feces. C. Dehydration B. Constipation D. 1 hour on the toilet regretting life decisions A. Diarrhea 33. A greenish liquid that separates fat into small droplets is _________. D. gall bladder B. bile C. bile duct A. saliva 34. Gallstones are caused by too much _________ in the diet and they can be destroyed by _________. D. estrogen, medicine A. cholesterol, surgery B. acid, antibiotics C. cholesterol, ultrasound 35. What are the five basic flavors that stimulates taste buds? B. Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami D. Sweet, menthol, salty, bitter, umami C. Sweet, spicy, salty, bitter, umami A. Sweet, fat, salty, bitter, umami 36. Food waste is _________ from the body through the anus. A. digest D. eliminated B. digested C. eliminate 37. The outermost layer of a tooth is called _________. C. dentin D. teeth A. enamel B. pulp 38. Because the small intestine works best at a neutral pH, the acid from the stomach must be _________ when it reaches the small intestine. C. neutralized A. protected D. threw B. eliminated 39. Match the definitions with the correct terms. Small blood vessels that food molecules first enter: E. Enzymes B. Bile C. Capillaries D. Digestion F. Diarrhea A. Absorption 40. Saliva contains molecules that break down _________ found in foods such as grains, potatoes, bread,... C. lipid A. protein B. starch D. acid 41. _________ send molecules to the small intestine to aid in the digestion of certain food molecules. C. Accessory organs D. Bile duct A. Saliva glands B. Pancreas 42. Fill in the blanks. _________: caused by bacteria or having excessive acidity. B. Peptic ulcers C. Acid reflux D. Indigestion A. Heartburn 43. Fill in the blanks. _________: food and acid are pushed into the stomach from the small intestine. C. Ulcer B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) D. Gastritis A. Heartburn 44. When you eat lots of candy, sugar _________ on your teeth. A. stays C. liquefies D. absorbs B. accumulates 45. How many types of teeth exist in the human dentition? C. 3: Incisors, canines, molars D. 4: Incisors, canines, bicuspids, molars A. 1: Teeth B. 2: Incisors, molars 46. Fill in the blanks. _________: is when the thyroid gland doesn’t make enough thyroid hormone. A. Hyperthyroidism C. Cretinism B. Hypothyroidism D. Goiter 47. When liquefied food leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine, bile and _________ follow. C. pancreatic juices D. bile duct B. liver A. pancreas 48. Most of the food digestion occurs in the small intestine. The only exceptions are the partial digestion of starch in the mouth by _________ and the partial digestion of _________ in the stomach. D. molars, starch A. canines, starch B. epiglottis, protein C. saliva, protein 49. Match the definitions with the correct terms. A substance that breaks up fat: D. Digestion F. Diarrhea B. Bile C. Capillaries E. Enzymes A. Absorption 50. Match the definitions with the correct terms. Breaking up food: D. Digestion F. Diarrhea A. Absorption E. Enzymes C. Capillaries B. Bile 51. If you have a toothache, the pain you feel is from the _________. D. teeth C. dentin A. enamel B. pulp 52. Most of the smaller food molecules pass through cells that line the small intestine and enter the bloodstream. This process is called _________. B. absorption C. diarrhea A. digestion D. constipation 53. Stress, too much acid, or eating spicy food may cause _________. C. peptic ulcers D. diarrhea A. choking B. heartburn 54. Constipation can result in serious diseases, such as _________ and _________. D. peritonitis, diarrhea B. appendicitis, peritonitis A. appendicitis, peristalsis C. peristalsis, diarrhea 55. _________ is the opposite of acid. A. Lipid D. Protein C. Starch B. Alkaline 56. A large, brown organ that lies under the diaphragm and on top of the stomach is called the _________. C. esophagus A. liver D. bile B. pancreas 57. Water in saliva helps to turn food into a liquid, or _________ the food in the mouth. B. liquefy C. accumulate A. grind D. regulate 58. _________ is a special type of muscle contraction that propels food down the esophagus to the stomach. B. Epiglottis D. Peristalsis A. Esophagus C. Larynx 59. Right after a big meal, _________ is released. C. antibiotic B. glucagon D. sodium bicarbonate A. insulin 60. When air moves toward the lungs, it moves from the pharynx to the _________ and then down the tube called the _________. C. larynx; trachea A. epiglottis; trachea B. epiglottis; larynx D. larynx; epiglottis 61. The low level of glucose in your blood causes the _________ to stop secreting insulin and release glucagon instead. D. Pancreas C. Gall bladder A. Liver B. Bile 62. Name five organs that come into contact with food. B. Mouth, trachea, stomach, small and large intestine A. Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestine D. Mouth, stomach, pancreas, small and large intestine C. Mouth, stomach, liver, small and large intestine 63. The tube that leads to the stomach is called the _________. D. trachea B. epiglottis A. esophagus C. larynx 64. _________ is made of calcium salts and protein, comprising the largest part of the tooth. D. Teeth A. Enamel C. Dentin B. Pulp 65. Food is _________ from large molecules into smaller molecules during digestion. C. converted A. digested B. eliminated D. absorbed 66. What kind of tissue comprises the gastroesophageal sphincter? B. Skeletal muscle tissue D. Connective tissue A. Smooth muscle tissue C. Cardiac muscle tissue 67. After food is digested, it _________. D. is eliminated B. enters intestinal cells and then passes into capillaries C. passes immediately into the large intestine A. enters the blood immediately 68. A ring of muscle that separates the two organs, the stomach and the esophagus, is called the _________. C. gastroesophageal sphincter D. peristalsis B. gall bladder A. pyloric sphincter 69. “The food went down the wrong tube” is about _________. D. stomachache A. heartburn B. choking C. cough 70. _________ is the name of the watery liquid in the mouth. B. Saliva C. Saliva glands D. Starch A. Food molecules 71. The job of this organ is to secrete hormones. C. Exocrine gland A. Liver B. Gall bladder D. Endocrine gland 72. Fill in the blanks. _________: food moves too fast through the small intestine. D. Flatulence B. Constipation A. Diarrhea C. Dysphagia 73. When food molecules are _________, we are able to taste food. B. regulated C. liquefied A. converted D. dissolved 74. Mucus protects the stomach and _________ protects the small intestine from stomach acid. D. salt crystal B. sodium bicarbonate C. potassium bicarbonate A. bile 75. Choose one in pairs. Someone with [hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism] would tend to lose weight. B. hyperthyroidism A. hypothyroidism 76. Peptic ulcers can be caused directly by _________. C. fast food D. bacteria A. gallstones B. spicy food 77. How many teeth should an adult have? A. 16 C. 28 B. 20 D. 32 78. The stomach wall has _________ layers of muscle. C. 3 D. 4 B. 2 A. 1 79. In addition to enabling you to taste food, the tongue, along with the _________ of the mouth, move the food as you chew it with your teeth. B. muscles A. saliva C. saliva glands D. taste buds 80. Peptic ulcers are now successfully treated with _________ that kill bacteria. B. antibiotics A. surgery C. ultrasound D. All of the above Time's up # Đề Thi# Đại Học Y Khoa Phạm Ngọc Thạch