Ôn tập hệ tiêu hóaFREENgoại Ngữ Chuyên Ngành Y Phạm Ngọc Thạch 1. Match the definitions with the correct terms. A substance that breaks up fat: D. Digestion B. Bile F. Diarrhea E. Enzymes C. Capillaries A. Absorption 2. Peptic ulcers can be caused directly by _________. A. gallstones C. fast food B. spicy food D. bacteria 3. When stomach acid is pushed back up into the esophagus, the pain that occurs is commonly referred to as _________. B. heartburn A. choking C. diarrhea D. constipation 4. TSH causes the thyroid gland to release _________ thyroid hormone. A. less B. more C. so much D. 50% 5. How many teeth should an adult have? C. 28 B. 20 D. 32 A. 16 6. The low level of glucose in your blood causes the _________ to stop secreting insulin and release glucagon instead. A. Liver C. Gall bladder D. Pancreas B. Bile 7. Peptic ulcers are now successfully treated with _________ that kill bacteria. A. surgery D. All of the above B. antibiotics C. ultrasound 8. What kind of diabetes is called “juvenile diabetes”? B. Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes A. Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes 9. Choose one in pairs. Someone with [hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism] would tend to lose weight. B. hyperthyroidism A. hypothyroidism 10. Food is _________ from large molecules into smaller molecules during digestion. A. digested D. absorbed B. eliminated C. converted 11. In addition to enabling you to taste food, the tongue, along with the _________ of the mouth, move the food as you chew it with your teeth. B. muscles A. saliva D. taste buds C. saliva glands 12. Hormones control or _________ how fast your body breaks down food. B. direct A. regulate C. tell D. convert 13. The stomach wall has _________ layers of muscle. B. 2 A. 1 D. 4 C. 3 14. X help(s) to create the electrical current that flows along axons. X is/are also important in muscle contraction. X is/are _________. B. sodium and potassium C. the brain A. signal cord D. feces 15. Most of the smaller food molecules pass through cells that line the small intestine and enter the bloodstream. This process is called _________. C. diarrhea D. constipation A. digestion B. absorption 16. Choose one in pairs. Goiter can be caused by [deficient iodine/malignant cancer]. B. malignant cancer A. deficient iodine 17. After the absorption of water, sodium, and potassium has been completed, muscle contraction in the large intestine squeezes the feces down into the _________. C. anus B. rectum D. external anal sphincter A. defecation 18. If you have a toothache, the pain you feel is from the _________. C. dentin D. teeth A. enamel B. pulp 19. A large, brown organ that lies under the diaphragm and on top of the stomach is called the _________. D. bile B. pancreas A. liver C. esophagus 20. _________ are used for cutting and biting. C. Premolars A. Incisors D. Molars B. Canines 21. Just as a sponge removes water from a table, the bloodstream _________ water from the intestines. D. moves B. absorbs A. digests C. converts 22. Constipation can result in serious diseases, such as _________ and _________. C. peristalsis, diarrhea A. appendicitis, peristalsis D. peritonitis, diarrhea B. appendicitis, peritonitis 23. _________ is a special type of muscle contraction that propels food down the esophagus to the stomach. B. Epiglottis D. Peristalsis C. Larynx A. Esophagus 24. In digestive activities, enzymes are molecules that help _________ reactions to go faster. B. chemical C. biological A. physical D. All of the above 25. A ring of muscle that separates the two organs, the stomach and the esophagus, is called the _________. A. pyloric sphincter B. gall bladder C. gastroesophageal sphincter D. peristalsis 26. Choose one in pairs. Someone with [hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism] has too much thyroid hormone. B. hyperthyroidism A. hypothyroidism 27. How many types of teeth exist in the human dentition? C. 3: Incisors, canines, molars A. 1: Teeth B. 2: Incisors, molars D. 4: Incisors, canines, bicuspids, molars 28. When the small intestine is ready to receive food from the stomach, another ring of smooth muscle connecting the stomach and small intestine relaxes. This ring of muscle is called the _________ sphincter. D. stomach B. gastroesophageal A. pyloric C. hypnosis 29. _________ are used for chewing and grinding food. B. Canines A. Incisors C. Premolars D. Molars 30. The upper digestive _________ is the region extending from the mouth to the stomach. C. system B. duct A. tract D. cavity 31. When digestion and absorption are completed in the small intestine, _________ occurs to push the food waste forward into the large intestine. A. peristalsis B. heartburn D. gastroesophageal sphincter C. pyloric sphincter 32. Mucus protects the stomach and _________ protects the small intestine from stomach acid. A. bile B. sodium bicarbonate D. salt crystal C. potassium bicarbonate 33. “The food went down the wrong tube” is about _________. B. choking D. stomachache C. cough A. heartburn 34. Name five organs that come into contact with food. A. Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestine D. Mouth, stomach, pancreas, small and large intestine C. Mouth, stomach, liver, small and large intestine B. Mouth, trachea, stomach, small and large intestine 35. A greenish liquid that separates fat into small droplets is _________. D. gall bladder C. bile duct B. bile A. saliva 36. Water in saliva helps to turn food into a liquid, or _________ the food in the mouth. C. accumulate D. regulate A. grind B. liquefy 37. Food is broken down into small molecules, or _________, in the small intestine. A. digested D. liquefied B. eliminated C. regulated 38. Fill in the blanks. The _________: is the structure that covers the larynx when you swallow food. C. esophagus A. epiglottis D. pharynx B. trachea 39. Fill in the blanks. _________: food and acid are pushed into the stomach from the small intestine. D. Gastritis C. Ulcer A. Heartburn B. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) 40. Gallstones are caused by too much _________ in the diet and they can be destroyed by _________. D. estrogen, medicine C. cholesterol, ultrasound A. cholesterol, surgery B. acid, antibiotics 41. When you eat lots of candy, sugar _________ on your teeth. C. liquefies B. accumulates D. absorbs A. stays 42. Match the definitions with the correct terms. Small blood vessels that food molecules first enter: A. Absorption D. Digestion E. Enzymes B. Bile C. Capillaries F. Diarrhea 43. Food waste is _________ from the body through the anus. C. eliminate A. digest B. digested D. eliminated 44. What are the five basic flavors that stimulates taste buds? A. Sweet, fat, salty, bitter, umami B. Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami C. Sweet, spicy, salty, bitter, umami D. Sweet, menthol, salty, bitter, umami 45. _________ are fang-like teeth that are to the side of the incisors. A. Incisors D. Molars B. Canines C. Premolars 46. TSH is abbreviated as _________. D. None of the above C. thyroid-stimulating hormone B. thyroid-stimulated hormone A. thyroid-stimulation hormone 47. Where does food go after it leaves the stomach? B. Large intestine D. Esophagus A. Small intestine C. Rectum 48. Match the definitions with the correct terms. Food moves too fast through the small intestine: D. Digestion A. Absorption B. Bile C. Capillaries E. Enzymes F. Diarrhea 49. Choose one in pairs. An infant who has [hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism] would have a condition called cretinism. A. hypothyroidism B. hyperthyroidism 50. After food is digested, it _________. D. is eliminated C. passes immediately into the large intestine A. enters the blood immediately B. enters intestinal cells and then passes into capillaries 51. When air moves toward the lungs, it moves from the pharynx to the _________ and then down the tube called the _________. C. larynx; trachea D. larynx; epiglottis A. epiglottis; trachea B. epiglottis; larynx 52. Fill in the blanks. _________: food moves too fast through the small intestine. D. Flatulence B. Constipation C. Dysphagia A. Diarrhea 53. Saliva contains molecules that break down _________ found in foods such as grains, potatoes, bread,... D. acid C. lipid B. starch A. protein 54. The job of this organ is to secrete hormones. B. Gall bladder D. Endocrine gland C. Exocrine gland A. Liver 55. When liquefied food leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine, bile and _________ follow. C. pancreatic juices B. liver D. bile duct A. pancreas 56. The outermost layer of a tooth is called _________. B. pulp C. dentin D. teeth A. enamel 57. You can taste food because of the tiny bumps on your tongue. These bumps contain _________. D. bitter B. umami C. sour A. taste buds 58. _________ send molecules to the small intestine to aid in the digestion of certain food molecules. B. Pancreas A. Saliva glands D. Bile duct C. Accessory organs 59. Choose one in pairs. The thyroid hormone [regulates/peristalsis] cellular metabolism. B. peristalsis A. regulates 60. Fill in the blanks. _________: too much water is absorbed from the feces. A. Diarrhea B. Constipation C. Dehydration D. 1 hour on the toilet regretting life decisions 61. The last molars that are in the very back on each side are sometimes called _________. D. enamel A. dream teeth B. nightmare teeth C. wisdom teeth 62. The _________ is a flag of tissue that covers the trachea when you swallow. A. esophagus D. trachea B. epiglottis C. larynx 63. Right after a big meal, _________ is released. C. antibiotic D. sodium bicarbonate B. glucagon A. insulin 64. Match the definitions with the correct terms. Breaking up food: D. Digestion E. Enzymes A. Absorption F. Diarrhea B. Bile C. Capillaries 65. Because the small intestine works best at a neutral pH, the acid from the stomach must be _________ when it reaches the small intestine. A. protected D. threw C. neutralized B. eliminated 66. Fill in the blanks. _________: caused by bacteria or having excessive acidity. D. Indigestion C. Acid reflux B. Peptic ulcers A. Heartburn 67. _________ is made of calcium salts and protein, comprising the largest part of the tooth. B. Pulp A. Enamel D. Teeth C. Dentin 68. Match the definitions with the correct terms. A substance that breaks down food into smaller molecules: F. Diarrhea C. Capillaries A. Absorption B. Bile E. Enzymes D. Digestion 69. The tube that leads to the stomach is called the _________. C. larynx A. esophagus D. trachea B. epiglottis 70. Fill in the blanks. _________: is the hormone that helps your brain get sugar when you are starving. D. Serotonin C. Thyroxine B. Glucagon A. Insulin 71. If you stir sugar in water, it will be _________. C. liquefied B. regulated D. dissolved A. converted 72. Your back teeth are useful for _________ food. B. grinding A. tearing D. biting C. cutting 73. What kind of tissue comprises the gastroesophageal sphincter? B. Skeletal muscle tissue C. Cardiac muscle tissue D. Connective tissue A. Smooth muscle tissue 74. Fill in the blanks. _________: is when the thyroid gland doesn’t make enough thyroid hormone. A. Hyperthyroidism C. Cretinism D. Goiter B. Hypothyroidism 75. Stress, too much acid, or eating spicy food may cause _________. D. diarrhea A. choking B. heartburn C. peptic ulcers 76. _________ is the opposite of acid. B. Alkaline D. Protein A. Lipid C. Starch 77. Peristalsis squeezes the food down the _________ to your stomach. C. larynx B. epiglottis A. esophagus D. peristalsis 78. _________ is the name of the watery liquid in the mouth. C. Saliva glands B. Saliva A. Food molecules D. Starch 79. Most of the food digestion occurs in the small intestine. The only exceptions are the partial digestion of starch in the mouth by _________ and the partial digestion of _________ in the stomach. D. molars, starch A. canines, starch B. epiglottis, protein C. saliva, protein 80. When food molecules are _________, we are able to taste food. B. regulated C. liquefied D. dissolved A. converted Time's up # Đề Thi# Đại Học Y Khoa Phạm Ngọc Thạch